Etymologically, the word literally refers to "the mortal cry of a gazelle". In poetry, the ghazal is a poetic form consisting of couplets which share a rhyme and a refrain. Talib Hussain was one of the last remaining pakhawaj players of Pakistan and was a recognized practitioner of the Punjab gharana style of drum-type instruments. Shaukat Hussain, Tari Khan and Tafo Khan have been exponents of classical tabla playing from Pakistan. Ustad Rais Khan is another prominent sitar player of Pakistan. The legendary sitar player Mohammad Sharif Khan Poonchwaley belongs to Poonch gharana of sitar. Some classical musicians like Ustad Badar uz Zaman do not belong to any famous gharana but has served classical music enormously.
Number of other gharanas are present in Pakistan which serve classical music. Some famous gharanas are: Qwaal Bacha gharana ( Ustad Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan and Rahat Fateh Ali Khan belong to this gharana), and Patiala Gharana (Shafaqat Amanat Ali Khan belongs to this gharana).Ustad Ghulam Farid Nizami a prominent sitar player and a Sufi singer belongs to the Senia Gharana. There are many families from gharanas of classical music who inherited the music from their forefathers and are still performing. Improvisation plays a major role during a performance. The arrangement of rhythm (lai) in a cycle is known as taal.
The systematic organization of musical notes into a scale is known as a raag. The classical music of Pakistan has two main principles, ‘sur’ (musical note) and ‘lai’ (rhythm). The classical music of Pakistan is based on the traditional music of South Asia which was patronized by various empires that ruled the region and gave birth to several genres of classic music including the Klasik and Hindustani classical music.
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